d351235422 The crosshead became part of the piston[note 2] and there was no longer any piston rod. A double-acting cylinder is used where an external force is not available to retract the piston or where high force is required in both directions of travel. They are also found in pumps and hydraulic rams. These often transmitted their force through the beam by means of chains and an 'arch head', as only a tension in one direction was needed. In order to connect the piston in a double-acting cylinder to an external mechanism, such as a crank shaft, a hole must be provided in one end of the cylinder for the piston rod and this is fitted with a gland or 'stuffing box' to prevent escape of the working fluid.
Double-acting[edit]. This was for similar reasons to the internal combustion engine, as avoiding the piston rod and its seals allowed a more effective crankcase lubrication system. ISBN9781107672932. Single Acting Oscillating cylinder steam engine . ^ Smith, Edgar C. Single-acting cylinders are found in most kinds of reciprocating engine. Pompano was laid up for eight months until 1938 while the engines were replaced.[5] Even then the engines were regarded as unsatisfactory and were replaced by Fairbanks-Morse engines in 1942.[5] While Pompano was still being built, the Salmon class submarines were ordered. ^ a b Alden 1979, pp.65,210 ^ Alden 1979, p.210 .
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